They are responsible for ensuring that any tactics deployed are proportionate to the risks identified, meet the objectives of the strategy and are legally compliant, particularly in terms of the Human Rights Act 1998. The gold commander, however, should not make tactical decisions. They have overall responsibility and authority for the gold strategy and any tactical parameters that silver or bronze commanders should follow. The gold commander assumes and retains overall command for the operation or incident. They should be flexible enough to adapt to changes in the nature of the threat, incident or operation without jeopardising clear lines of communication or accountability and ensure that those performing the required roles are sufficiently trained and competent. It is important to ensure that command structures are subject to regular review. The GSB model offers flexibility and can be applied to any type of incident or operation. However, they are accountable for any information or advice given to commanders. Officers of a senior rank to those nominated to undertake one of these three roles should not automatically assume superiority solely on the basis of rank or territorial responsibility. ![]() The command structure is role rather than rank specific. The example ensures that any interdependencies or potential conflicts are managed effectively, while ensuring clarity of command throughout the duration of the incident or operation. Exampleīelow is an example of a command structure when responding to more complex incidents or operations. The issues of span of command, span of control, command resilience and interoperability must be considered. The command structure should be appropriate to the needs of the operation and sufficiently resilient for its purpose. ![]() To avoid this, consideration should be given to establishing a supporting chain of command for each element of the police response, which should be underpinned by clearly defined command protocols. In more complex incidents and operations where the police response is likely to comprise a number of different elements, or where the police response requires officers to be deployed across force boundaries, the GSB command structure may become stretched and command responsibilities less clear. Any change in the command structure should be discussed before it is undertaken, and then documented. Where it is appropriate, briefing notes or flow charts showing the structure can aid people’s understanding of it. The command structure should be clearly articulated to all those involved in the operation. Similarly, it may also involve local or basic command unit police officers and staff, partner agencies and, ultimately, the government. Command structureĭepending on the needs of the situation, the command structure may or may not include all elements of GSB. This is particularly important where a multi-agency response is required, as confusion and uncertainty can lead to command paralysis where commanders are unable to make and/or communicate decisions effectively. It is essential that everyone involved in the police response clearly understands what they are required to do, how they are required to do it and when. The command structure is role not rank specific and allows for flexibility. Most incidents and operations are resolved by using a simple GSB command structure, with the responsibilities and accountabilities of each commander clearly set out in command protocols. It also allows processes to be established that facilitate the flow of information, and ensures that decisions are communicated effectively and documented as part of an audit trail. This structure provides a framework for delivering a strategic, tactical and operational response to an incident or operation. However, the hierarchy of the terms strategic, tactical and operational may differ in some departments, agencies or organisations. ![]() The terms gold, silver and bronze are used in the police service. The generic command structure, nationally recognised, accepted and used by the police, other emergency services and partner agencies, is based on the gold, silver, bronze (GSB) hierarchy of command and can be applied to the resolution of both spontaneous incidents and planned operations.
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